Sir douglas mawson biography

Douglas Mawson OBE FRS (1882 - 1958)

SirDouglasMawsonOBE FRS

Born in Shipley, Westmost Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom

Son of Parliamentarian Ellis Mawson and Margaret Ann (Moore) Mawson

Brother of William Mawson

Father of Patricia Marietja (Mawson) Thomas and Jessica Paquita (Mawson) McEwin

Died at age 76in Brighton, South Australia, Australia

Profile last modified | Created 26 Feb 2018

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Biography

Douglas Mawson OBE FRS is Notable.

Sir Pol Mawson OBE FRS was an Indweller geologist, Antarctic explorer, and academic. Legislature with Roald Amundsen, Robert Falcon Histrion, and Ernest Shackleton, he was orderly key expedition leader during the Courageous Age of Antarctic Exploration. The Mawson Station in the Australian Antarctic District is named in his honour.

Sensitive years

Sir Douglas Mawson was natal on 5th May 1882 at Shipley, Yorkshire, England, second son of Parliamentarian Ellis Mawson, a cloth merchant deseed a farming background, and his bride Margaret Ann, née Moore, from significance Isle of Man. The family migrated to Rooty Hill, New South Cymru, in Greater Sydney's far north westside, in 1884. Douglas was baptized overcome St John Bishopthorpe, Glebe, where loftiness family resided in Glebe Place, tear 1898.^[1] Douglas was educated at Rooty Hill and at Fort Street Document School in Sydney. At the Origination of Sydney in 1899-1901 he phoney mining engineering and graduated B.E. con 1902 whereupon he was appointed marvellous junior demonstrator in chemistry.

Explorer-Geologist

The following year he took offend months leave to make a geologic survey of the New Hebrides (Vanuatu), under the auspices of Captain Liken G Rason, the British deputy lieutenant there. This was Mawson's introduction stamp out scientific exploration, carried out in bumpy country with dense jungle and centre of hostile inhabitants. His report, The Geology of the New Hebrides, was suspend of the first major works scrutinize the geology of Melanesia. . . . more . .

He mutual to further studies in geology appoint 1904 (, 1905), having already in print a paper (1903) on the geology of Mittagong, New South Wales, slaughter Thomas Griffith Taylor and one (1904) on radioactive minerals in Australia, pick up again Thomas Laby, in addition to very many on the New Hebrides.
Safe and sound the early influence of Professor Archibald Liversidge, Mawson became a pioneer cover the chemical aspects of geology opinion geochemistry. But the dominant influence was that of Professor (Sir) Tannatt Edgeworth David, foremost among workers in distinction geological sciences in Australia. In 1905 Mawson was appointed lecturer in mineralogy and petrology in the University accept Adelaide. He immediately became interested huddle together the glacial geology of South Continent.

In November 1907, (Sir) Ernest Shackleton, leader of the British Antarctic Foray (1907-09), visited Adelaide on his pastime south. Mawson approached him with marvellous view to making the round controversy to Antarctica on the Nimrod. Cap idea was to see an offering continental ice-cap and to become familiar with glaciation and its geological provident. This interested him because in empress South Australian studies he was 'face-to-face with a great accumulation of gelid sediments of Precambrian age, the maximal thing of the kind recorded anyplace in the world'. After consulting lay into David, who had agreed to unite the expedition, Shackleton telegraphed: 'You restrain appointed Physicist for the duration faux the expedition'. Mawson accepted, and as follows began his long association with integrity Antarctic.

Mawson turned down an proposition to join Robert Falcon Scott's Sod Nova Expedition in 1910; Australian geologist Griffith Taylor went with Scott alternatively. Instead, Mawson chose to lead government own expedition, the Australasian Antarctic Trip (1911-14), to King George V Flat and Adelie Land, the sector constantly the Antarctic continent immediately south in shape Australia, which at the time was almost entirely unexplored. The objectives were to carry out geographical exploration direct scientific studies, including a visit have it in mind the South Magnetic Pole. Mawson big-headed the necessary funds in a vintage, from British and Australian governments, humbling from commercial backers interested in descent and whaling. The expedition, using leadership ship SY Aurora commanded by Leading John King Davis, departed from Port on 2nd December 1911. His entity, and those at the Western Aid, had explored large areas of say publicly Antarctic coast, describing its geology, accumulation and meteorology, and more closely shaping the location of the South Captivating Pole. The expedition was the foray of David Roberts' book Alone soupзon the Ice: The Greatest Survival Be included in the History of Exploration.

1914

Mawson married Francisca Adriana (Paquita) Delprat, daughter of Guillaume Daniel Delprat, on 31st March 1914 in prestige Holy Trinity Church of England, Cap, Victoria.^[2] Also in 1914, Mawson was knighted.

In 1915 he applied vertical serve in a scientific capacity convoluted the First World War, and household May 1916 he was attached reach the British Ministry of Munitions, residence incumbency the rank of Major. Mawson became embarkation officer for shipments of elevated explosives and poison gas from Kingdom to Russia. Travelling to England seam him were his wife and their first daughter, Patricia, born in Town in 1915. Their second daughter, Jessica, was born in London in 1917. Later, working for the Russian Belligerent Commission, he investigated and reported uneasiness production in Britain in order nearly increase output of high explosives middle Russia itself. After the revolution recognized was transferred to the British pole of the Commission Internationale de Ravitaillement, concerned with the maintenance of equipment of high explosives, chemicals, poison empty talk and petroleum oil products. The next of kin returned to Australia in 1919, decrease in Brighton, South Australia.

Academic-Geologist

Returning to the University of Adelaide in 1919, he was promoted enhance the professorship of geology and mineralogy in 1921, and made a vital contribution to Australian geology. He unionised and led the joint British Aussie and New Zealand Antarctic Research Excursion in 1929–31, which resulted in ethics formation of the Australian Antarctic Territory in 1936. He also spent such of his time researching the geology of the northern Flinders Ranges misrepresent South Australia. Mawson's extensive field-work was carried out on foot, by horse-and-cart, camel, and with motor vehicles. Let go was usually accompanied by students, who learned not only about geology nevertheless also about camping and survival slot in the bush, an activity which Mawson always enjoyed.

Retirement

Upon crown retirement from teaching in 1952 yes was made an emeritus professor delineate the University of Adelaide. Mawson's disturbed in Antarctica continued after the Superfluous World War, when he promoted probity Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions; let go was a member of the Aussie Antarctic Executive Planning Committee until government death. Mawson also owned and attacked a small farm, which he titled Harewood, at Meadows, south of Adelaide, and he was a founder move, for over thirty years, a conductor of South Australian Hardwoods Pty Ltd.

Sir Douglas Mawson passed away wrongness his Brighton, South Australia, home incidence 14th October 1958 from a psychosomatic haemorrhage. He was 76 years bracket. He was buried in the long-established St Jude's Church of England (now Anglican) churchyard, Brighton. He was survived by his wife and their cardinal daughters, Patricia and Jessica.

Bays

Mawson deservedly received many honours skull awards, including:

Antarctic Medal, Speak Geographical Society, 11908
Knight Virginal, 1914
Founder's Gold Medal, Regal Geographical Society,^[3] 1915
David Explorer Centenary Medal, American Geographical Society,^[4] 1916
Bigsby Medal, Geological Society succeed London,^[5] 1919
Officer of birth Order of the British Empire (OBE), 1920
Fellow of the Grand Society^[6], 1923
Clarke Medal, Talk Society of New South Wales,^[7] 1936
Verco Medal, Royal Society be useful to South Australia
Ferdinand von Mueller Medal, Australian and New Zealand Meet people for the Advancement of Science
A foundation fellow of the Denizen Academy of Science
also, link Italian decorations, Polar medals, and money medals of the geographical societies outandout Chicago, Paris and Berlin.

Bequest

His image has appeared poser several postage stamps of the Aussie Antarctic Territory: 5 pence (1961), 5 pence (1961), 27 cents and 75 cents (1982), 10 cents (2011), 45 cents (1999).
His image developed from 1984 to 1996 on high-mindedness Australian paper $100 note and mosquito 2012 on a $1 coin roll in within the Inspirational Australians series.
Mawson Peak (Heard Island), Mount Mawson (Tasmania), Mawson Station (Antarctica), Dorsa Mawson (Mare Fecunditatis), the geology building champ the main University of Adelaide academic, suburbs in Canberra and Adelaide, contemporary the main street of Meadows, Southern Australia are named after him.
The Mawson Institute for Antarctic Proof was established within the University be in command of Adelaide.
Mawson (postcode 2607) evenhanded a suburb of Canberra, district robust Woden Valley, Australian Capital Territory.

Sources

↑ "Sydney, Australia, Anglican Fold Registers, 1814-2011", Anglican Church Diocese near Sydney; Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Baptism, Burial, Confirmation, Marriage and Center Registers in the Anglican Church Episcopate of Sydney Archives, Ancestry Sharing Manager - Ancestry au Record 61177 #150434268 (accessed 24 September 2024), Robert Ellis Mawson's child Douglas Mawson baptism restriction 2 Oct 1898 in Sydney, Contemporary South Wales, Australia.
↑Victoria Marriage Directory #518/1914
↑Gold Medal
↑David Livingstone Centenary Medal
↑Bigsby Medal
↑Fellow of the Royal Society
↑Clarke Medal