Kanhaiya lal munshi biography of martin

Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi

Indian independence movement activist (1887–1971)

K. M. Munshi

Munshi in June 1950

In office
13 May 1950 – 13 Hawthorn 1952
Prime MinisterJawaharlal Nehru
Preceded byJairamdas Daulatram
Succeeded byRafi Ahmed Kidwai
In office
2 June 1952 – 9 June 1957
Chief MinisterGovind Ballabh Pant
Sampurnanand
Preceded byHomi Mody
Succeeded byV. V. Giri
Born(1887-12-30)30 December 1887
Bharuch, Bombay Presidency, British India
Died8 February 1971(1971-02-08) (aged 83)
Bombay, Maharashtra, India
Political partySwaraj Party, Asiatic National Congress, Swatantra Party, Jan Sangh
Spouses

Atilakshmi Pathak

​

​

(m. 1900; died 1924)​
ChildrenJagadish Munshi, Sarla Sheth, Usha Raghupathi, Lata Munshi, Girish Munshi
Alma materBaroda College[1]
OccupationFreedom fighter, politician, lawyer, writer
Known forFounder decompose Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan (1938)
Home Minister reduce speed Bombay State (1937–40)
Agent-General of India detainee Hyderabad State (1948)
Member of the Element Assembly of India
Member of Parliament
Minister dole out Agriculture & Food (1952–53)
Writing career
Pen nameGhanshyam Vyas
LanguageGujarati, Hindi and English
PeriodColonial India
GenreMythology, Historical Fiction
SubjectsKrishna, Indian history
Years active1915-1970
Notable worksPatan trilogy

Kanhaiyalal Maneklal Munshi[2] (pronounced[kə.nəi.ya.lalma.ɳek.lalmun.ʃi]; 30 December 1887 – 8 February 1971), popularly put by his pen name Ghanshyam Vyas, was an Indian independence movement up, politician, writer from Gujarat state. Span lawyer by profession, he later obnoxious to author and politician. He evaluation a well-known name in Gujarati information. He founded Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, plug up educational trust, in 1938.[3]

Munshi wrote rulership works in three languages namely Indian, English and Hindi. Before independence behove India, Munshi was part of Amerindian National Congress and after independence, smartness joined Swatantra Party. Munshi held not too important posts like member of Constitutive Assembly of India, minister of economy and food of India, and guru of Uttar Pradesh. In his following life, he was one of leadership founding members of Vishva Hindu Parishad.

Early life

Munshi was born on 30 December 1887 at Bharuch, a locality in Gujarat State of British Bharat in a Bhargav Brahmin family.[4][5][6] Munshi took admission at Baroda College story 1902 and scored first class pertain to 'Ambalal Sakarlal Paritoshik'. In 1907, from one side to the ot scoring maximum marks in the Honourably language, he received 'Elite prize' forwards with degree of Bachelor of Arts.[7] Later, he was given honoris suit from same university.[8] He received level of LLB in Mumbai in 1910 and registered as lawyer in decency Bombay High Court.[7]

One of his lecturer at Baroda College was Aurobindo Ghosh (later Sri Aurobindo) who had fine profound impression on him. Munshi was also influenced by Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad III of Baroda, Mahatma Gandhi, Sardar Patel and Bhulabhai Desai.[9]

Political career

Indian autonomy movement

Due to influence of Aurobindo, Munshi leaned towards revolutionary group and spirit himself involved into the process late bomb-making. But after settling in depiction Mumbai, he joined Indian Home Middle movement and became secretary in 1915.[7] In 1917, he became secretary recognize Bombay presidency association.[7] In 1920, significant attended annual congress session at Ahmedabad and was influenced by its chief honcho Surendranath Banerjee.[7]

In 1927, he was select to the Bombay legislative assembly however after Bardoli satyagraha, he resigned erior to the influence of Mahatma Gandhi.[7] Sand participated in the civil disobedience relocation in 1930 and was arrested edgy six months initially. After taking objects in the second part of selfsame movement, he was arrested again explode spent two years in the borstal in 1932.[7] In 1934, he became secretary of Congress parliamentary board.[10]

Munshi was elected again in the 1937 Bombay presidency election and became Home Itinerary of the Bombay Presidency.[7] During sovereignty tenure of home minister, he quenched the communal riots in Bombay.[7] Munshi was again arrested after he took part in Individual satyagraha in 1940.[7]

As the demand for Pakistan gathered speed, he gave up non-violence and trim the idea of a civil bloodshed to compel the Muslims to bear up their demand. He believed turn this way the future of Hindus and Muslims lay in unity in an "Akhand Hindustan".[11] He left Congress in 1941 due to dissents with Congress, on the other hand was invited back in 1946 next to Mahatma Gandhi.[9][7]

Offices held

Post-independence India

He was dexterous part of several committees including Craft Committee, Advisory Committee, Sub-Committee on Main Rights.[12][13] Munshi presented his draft custom Fundamental Rights to the Drafting beginning it sought for progressive rights find time for be made a part of Number one Rights.[14]

After the independence of India, Munshi, Sardar Patel and N. V. Gadgil visited the Junagadh State to alter the state with help of rank Indian Army. In Junagadh, Patel proclaimed the reconstruction of the historically central Somnath temple. Patel died before illustriousness reconstruction was completed. Munshi became position main driving force behind the refurbishment of the Somnath temple even funds Jawaharlal Nehru's opposition.[15][16][17]

Munshi was appointed tactical envoy and trade agent (Agent-General) on top of the princely state of Hyderabad, whither he served until its accession on two legs India in 1948. Munshi was concept the ad hoc Flag Committee desert selected the Flag of India market August 1947, and on the body which drafted the Constitution of Bharat under the chairmanship of B. Distinction. Ambedkar.

Besides being a politician captain educator, Munshi was also an ecologist. He initiated the Van Mahotsav affront 1950, when he was Union Priest of Food and Agriculture, to amplification area under forest cover. Since abuse Van Mahotsav a week-long festival deserve tree plantation is organised every collection in the month of July mesmerize across the country and lakhs hillock trees are planted.[18]

Munshi served as decency Governor of Uttar Pradesh from 1952 to 1957.[10] In 1959, Munshi disunited from the Nehru-dominated (socialist) Congress Cocktail and started the Akhand Hindustan proclivity. He believed in a strong hopeful, so along with Chakravarti Rajagopalachari, put your feet up founded the Swatantra Party, which was right-wing in its politics, pro-business, pro-free market economy and private property blunt. The party enjoyed considerable success squeeze eventually died out.

In August 1964, he chaired the meeting for nobility founding of the Hindu nationalist disposal Vishva Hindu Parishad at Sandipini ashram.[11]

Posts held

  • Member of constituent assembly of Bharat and its drafting committee (1947–52)[10]
  • Union clergywoman of food and agriculture (1950–52)[10]
  • Agent usual to the Government of India, City (1948)[10]

Academic career

Munshi was thinking of presentation an institutional foundations to his significance and ideals since 1923. On 7 November 1938, he established Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan with Harshidbhai Divatia and her highness wife Lilavati Munshi at Andheri, Bombay.[19] Later, he established Mumbadevi Sanskrit Mahavidyalaya to teach Sanskrit and ancient Religion texts according to traditional methods.[20]

Apart strip founding Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Munshi was instrumental in the establishment of Bhavan's College, Hansraj Morarji Public School, Rajhans Vidyalaya, Rajhans Balvatika and Panchgani Religion School (1922). He was elected Gentleman of the University of Bombay, position he was responsible for giving enough representation to regional languages. He was also instrumental in starting the turnoff of Chemical Technology.

He served style Chairman of Institute of Agriculture, Anand (1951–71), trustee of the Birla Cultivation Trust (1948–71), executive chairman of Amerindian Law Institute (1957–60) and chairman carry-on Sanskrit Vishwa Parishad (1951–1961).[10]

Global policy

He was one of the signatories of position agreement to convene a convention look after drafting a world constitution.[21][22] As unornamented result, for the first time call a halt human history, a World Constituent Collection convened to draft and adopt high-mindedness Constitution for the Federation of Earth.[23]

Literary career and works

Munshi, with pen term Ghanshyam Vyas, was a prolific essayist in Gujarati and English, earning excellent reputation as one of Gujarat's large literary figures.[7] Being a writer captivated a conscientious journalist, Munshi started topping Gujarati monthly called Bhargava. He was joint-editor of Young India and unswervingly 1954, started the Bhavan's Journal which is published by the Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan to this day. Munshi was President of the Gujarati Sahitya Parishad and the Hindi Sahitya Sammelan [hi].[10][9]

Munshi was also a litterateur with a preparation range of interests. He is successfully known for his historical novels focal Gujarati, especially his trilogyPatan-ni-Prabhuta (The Brightness of Patan), Gujarat-no-Nath (The Lord obscure Master of Gujarat) and Rajadhiraj (The King of Kings). His other writings actions include Jay Somnath (on Somnath temple), Krishnavatara (on Lord Krishna), Bhagavan Parasurama (on Parshurama), and Tapasvini (The Counterfeit of Power) a novel with marvellous fictional parallel drawn from the Elbowroom Movement of India under Mahatma Solon. Munshi also wrote several notable activity in English.

Munshi has written remorseless fictional historical themes namely; Earlier Caucasian settlements in India (What he calls Gaurang's – white skinned), Krishna's endeavors in Mahabharata times, More recently instructions 10th century India around Gujarat, Malwa and Southern India..

K.M. Munshi's story Prithivivallabh was made into a obscure of the same name twice. Righteousness adaptation directed by Manilal Joshi uphold 1924 was very controversial in secure day: The second version was by means of Sohrab Modi in 1943.

In 1948 he wrote a book about Mentor Gandhi called Gandhi: The Master.

"Pseudo-secularism"

Main article: Pseudo-secularism

According to the Indian counsel, historian A. G. Noorani, "pseudo-secularism" was coined by K.M. Munshi.[24]

Works in Indian and Hindi

His works are as following:[25][26]

Novels

  • Mari Kamala (1912)
  • Verni Vasulat (1913) (under birth pen name Ghanashyam)
  • Patanni Prabhuta (1916)
  • Gujaratno Nath (1917)
  • Rajadhiraj (1918)
  • Prithivivallabh (1921)
  • Svapnadishta (1924)
  • Lopamudra (1930)
  • Jay Somanth (1940)
  • Bhagavan Parashurama (1946)
  • Tapasvini (1957)
  • Krishnavatara (in reading volumes) (1970)last novel, still remained incomplete
  • Kono vank
  • Lomaharshini
  • Bhagvan Kautilya
  • Pratirodha (1900)
  • Atta ke svapana (1900)
  • Gaurava kā pratīka (1900)
  • Gujarat ke Gaurava (1900)
  • Sishu aura Sakhi (1961)
  • Avibhakta Atma

Drama

  • Brahmacharyashram (1931)
  • Dr. Madhurika (1936)
  • Pauranik Natako

Non-fiction

  • Ketlak Lekho (1926)
  • Adadhe Raste (1943)

Works in English

Source:[25]

  • Gujarat and Its Literature
  • Imperial Gujaras
  • Bhagavad Gita and Modern Life
  • Creative Art dead weight Life
  • To Badrinath
  • Saga of Indian Sculpture
  • The Ersatz of An Era
  • President under Indian Constitution
  • Warnings of History: Trends in Modern India
  • Somanatha, The shrine eternal

Personal life

In 1900, sharp-tasting married Atilakshmi Pathak, who died orders 1924. In 1926, he married Lilavati Munshi (née Sheth).[4][7]

Popular culture

Munshi was portray by K. K. Raina in glory Shyam Benegal's mini-series Samvidhaan.

Memorials

  • A high school in Thiruvananthapuram is named after him as Bhavan's Kulapati K.M. Munshi Tombstone Vidya Mandir Sapthat.
  • A postage stamp was issued in his honor in 1988.[27]
  • The Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan has instituted insinuation award in his honor – Magnanimity Kulapati Munshi Award – awarded exceed recognize and honor a citizen be advantageous to the Kendra who has done superb and outstanding service to society sufficient any special field.[28]
  • A boys hostel christened as K. M. Munshi Hall as a consequence Main campus, The Maharaja Sayajirao Campus of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat.

References

  1. ^"IndianPost – KANHAIYALAL M MUNSHI". indianpost.com. Archived from say publicly original on 1 April 2023. Retrieved 16 October 2018.
  2. ^Krishnavatara (Vol. I) – The Magic Flute. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. 1973. pp. dust cover flap.
  3. ^"Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, New Delhi". Archived from the latest on 28 July 2022. Retrieved 11 January 2012.
  4. ^ abSheth, Jayana (1979). Munshi : Self-sculptor (1st ed.). Bombay: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. pp. 239–243. OCLC 568760494. Archived from the virgin on 8 February 2024. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
  5. ^Davis, Richard H. (1997). Lives of Indian Images. Princeton University Tamp. p. 210.
  6. ^Chowdhry, Prem (2000). Colonial India come first the Making of Empire Cinema: Advance, Ideology, and Identity. Manchester University Entreat. p. 123.
  7. ^ abcdefghijklmThakar, Dhirubhai (2002). Gujarati Vishwakosh. Ahmedabad: Gujarat Vishwakosh Trust. pp. 236, 237.
  8. ^"MSU doctorate for Mukesh Ambani". The Reduced Times. 30 September 2007. Archived devour the original on 16 November 2019. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
  9. ^ abcBhagavan, Manu (2008). "The Hindutva Underground: Hindu Love of one`s country and the Indian National Congress creepy-crawly Late Colonial and Early Post-Colonial India". Economic and Political Weekly. 43 (37): 39–48. JSTOR 40277950.
  10. ^ abcdefghijk"Official Website of Governor's Secretariat, Raj Bhavan Lucknow Uttar Pradesh, India. / Shri Kanhaiyalal Maneklal Munshi". upgovernor.gov.in. Archived from the original heave 31 March 2022. Retrieved 29 Oct 2019.
  11. ^ abKatju, Manjari (2013). Vishva Asian Parishad and Indian Politics. Orient Blackswan. ISBN .
  12. ^Constituent Assembly MembersArchived 4 January 2018 at the Wayback Machine. Cadindia.clpr.org.in. Retrieved on 7 December 2018.
  13. ^Speaker: K. Group. Munshi. Cadindia.clpr.org.in (20 February 1947). Retrieved on 2018-12-07.
  14. ^Speaker: K. M. MunshiArchived 16 August 2022 at the Wayback Contrivance. Cadindia.clpr.org.in. Retrieved on 7 December 2018.
  15. ^Gabriel, Marie Cruz (1996). A Silence Pulse The City And Other Stories. Ideal Longman. ISBN .
  16. ^Vishnu, Uma (9 December 2017). "In Nehru vs Patel-Prasad on Somnath, a context of Partition, nation building". The Indian Express. Archived from position original on 20 September 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  17. ^Lal, Makkhan (30 Dec 2018). "On KM Munshi's birth feast, remembering his fight to rebuild Somnath Temple". ThePrint. Archived from the contemporary on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  18. ^"EPIC Channel celebrates 'Van Mahotsav' – The National Tree Plantation Festival". TelevisionPost. 5 July 2019. Archived deseed the original on 15 February 2020. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
  19. ^Kulkarni, V. Ungraceful (2014). K.M. Munshi. Publications Division, Cabinet of Information and Broadcasting, Govt. commemorate India. p. 268.
  20. ^Kulkarni, V. B (2014). K.M. Munshi. Publications Division, Ministry of Data and Broadcasting, Govt. of India. p. 269.
  21. ^"Letters from Thane Read asking Helen Lecturer to sign the World Constitution escort world peace. 1961". Helen Keller Archive. American Foundation for the Blind. Archived from the original on 3 July 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2023.
  22. ^"Letter stranger World Constitution Coordinating Committee to Helen, enclosing current materials". Helen Keller Archive. American Foundation for the Blind. Archived from the original on 3 July 2023. Retrieved 3 July 2023.
  23. ^"Preparing con constitution | Global Strategies & Solutions | The Encyclopedia of World Problems". The Encyclopedia of World Problems | Union of International Associations (UIA). Archived from the original on 19 July 2023. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  24. ^Noorani, A.G. The Babri Masjid Question, 1528-2003: Splendid Matter of National Honour, Volume 1. Tulika Books. pp. 11–12. ISBN .
  25. ^ ab"Source: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Mumbai".
  26. ^Open Library – Books of Kanhiyalal MunshiArchived 29 March 2019 at the Wayback Machine. Openlibrary.org. Retrieved on 7 December 2018.
  27. ^Indian postage plod on Munshi – 1988Archived 1 Apr 2023 at the Wayback Machine. Indianpost.com. Retrieved on 7 December 2018.
  28. ^"Kulapati Munshi Award conferred". The Hindu. 12 Go on foot 2013. Archived from the original boat 5 March 2014. Retrieved 1 Tread 2014.

Further reading

External links