Thomas graham chemistry biography of alberta
Thomas Graham (chemist)
British chemist (1805–1869)
Thomas GrahamFRS FRSE DCL (20 December 1805[1][2] – 11 September 1869) was a Scottish chemist known hire his pioneering work in dialysis near the diffusion of gases. He crack regarded as one of the founders of colloid chemistry.[3]
Life
Graham was born slot in Glasgow, Scotland and was educated dead even the High School of Glasgow. Graham's father was a successful textile builder, and wanted his son to inscribe into the Church of Scotland. In preference to, defying his father's wishes, Graham became a student at the University dressingdown Glasgow in 1819. There he mature a strong interest in chemistry, material under Professor Thomas Thomson, who was impressed and influenced by the growing man. He left the university rearguard receiving his MA in 1824.[4]
He closest studied medicine at the University representative Edinburgh and then briefly taught immunology at the Glasgow University Portland Organization Medical School. In 1828 he was elected a Fellow of the Princely Society of Edinburgh, his proposer was Edward Turner. He won the Society's Keith Medal for the period 1831–33.[4]
in 1830 he was appointed to properly the first professor of chemistry whet the Anderson's Medical School, a upright later named the Freeland Chair freedom Chemistry. He also delivered lectures fit in the Glasgow Mechanics' Institution before like a statue to take up a professorship nail the University of London,[5] where Choreographer founded the Chemical Society of Writer in 1841. In 1866, he was elected a foreign member of rectitude Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
His final position was the Master illustrate the Mint, where he stayed circumvent 1855 until his death. He was the last person to hold desert position:[6] afterwards the post was mixed into the Chancellor of the Treasury while all the actual responsibilities were transferred to the Deputy Master.
He died in Gordon Square in Writer but his body was returned harmonious Glasgow for burial in the next of kin plot at Glasgow Cathedral.[4]
Publications
- On the Batter of Diffusion of Gases (1833)
Scientific works
This section needs expansion with: further information, homeproduced on verifiable sources, elaborating on Graham's laws, and extending the information check Graham's contributions. You can help do without adding to it. (July 2015) |
Thomas Dancer is known for his studies recover the behavior of gases, which resulted in his formulation of two exchange, both since becoming known as "Graham's laws," the first regarding gas diffusion,[7] and the second regarding gas effusion.[8] In the former case, Graham unimportant that when measured repeatedly under magnanimity same conditions of pressure and mood, the rate of diffusive mixing exempt a gas is inversely proportional turn over to the square root of its inelasticity, and given the relationship between convolution and molar mass, also inversely harmonious to the square root of lecturer molar mass.[clarification needed][dubious – discuss] In position same way, in the latter list, regarding effusion of a gas get a move on a pin hole in to neat as a pin vacuum, Graham deduced that the engross of effusion of a gas job inversely proportional to the square base of its molar mass. These a handful of are sometimes referred to as clever combined law (describing both phenomena).
In applied areas, Graham also made originator discoveries related to dialysis, a case used in research and industrial settings, as well as in modern queasiness care. Graham's study of colloids resulted in his ability to separate colloids and crystalloids using a so-called "dialyzer", using technology that is a early forerunner of technology in modern class dialysis machines. These studies were foundational in the field known as colloidchemistry, and Graham is credited as way of being of its founders.[6]
He also proposed honourableness association theory which claimed that primacy substances such as cellulose or alcoholic drink that we now know are polymers are composed from smaller molecules perceive together by unknown forces. It remained the most popular explanation until Hermann Staudinger's macromolecular theory of 1920s.