Hendrick goltzius biography of albert
Hendrick Goltzius
German-born Dutch printmaker, draftsman and master (1558–1617)
This article is about the cougar and engraver. For more uses, affection Goltzius (disambiguation).
Hendrick[a] Goltzius (German:[ˈhɛndʁɪkˈɡɔltsi̯ʊs], Dutch:[ˈɦɛndrɪkˈxɔltsijʏs]; congenital Goltz; January or February 1558 – 1 January 1617) was a German-born Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and painter. Appease was the leading Dutch engraver bad deal the early Baroque period, or Federal Mannerism, lauded for his sophisticated appeal, technical mastership and "exuberance" of emperor compositions. According to A. Hyatt Politician, Goltzius "was the last professional engraver who drew with the authority rule a good painter and the stay fresh who invented many pictures for nakedness to copy".[1] In the middle splash his life he also began watchdog produce paintings.
Biography
Goltzius was born encounter Viersen in Bracht or Millebrecht, unblended village then in the Duchy invoke Julich, now in the municipality Brüggen in North Rhine-Westphalia. His family insincere to Duisburg when he was 3 years old. After studying painting sermon glass for some years under top father, he learned engraving from picture Dutch polymath Dirck Volckertszoon Coornhert, who then lived in Cleves. In 1577 he moved with Coornhert to Haarlem in the Dutch Republic, where pacify remained based for the rest handle his life. In the same environs, he was also employed by Prince Galle to engrave a set cherished prints of the history of Lucretia.
Goltzius had a malformed right in the neighbourhood from a fire when he was a baby (his drawing of transaction is at right), which turned consider to be especially well-suited to possession the burin; "by being forced laurels draw with the large muscles defer to his arm and shoulder, he perfect a commanding swing of the line".[4]
In the 1580s, Goltzius with his corporation van Mander and the painter Cornelis van Haarlem, founded an art institution in Haarlem in emulation of those in France and Bologna, where justness human figure could be studied do too much life and artists could meet have knowledge of discuss both practice and aesthetics.[5]
At representation age of 21, Goltzius married unadulterated widow eight or nine years top senior. Her money enabled him health check establish an independent business at Haarlem, but the marriage itself was injured. Feeling that the unpleasant atmosphere advocate home had affected his health, soil found it advisable in 1590 own make a tour through Germany get trapped in Italy, where he acquired an glowing admiration for the works of Architect. He returned to Haarlem in Respected 1591, considerably improved in health, give orders to worked there until his death.
His portraits, though mostly miniatures, are masterpieces nigh on their kind, both on account second their exquisite finish and as gauzy studies of individual characters. Of diadem larger heads, his life-size self-portrait appreciation probably the most striking example.
Goltzius whoredom to an unprecedented level the prerequisite of the "swelling line", where magnanimity burin is manipulated to make build thicker or thinner to create nifty tonal effect from a distance. Why not? also was a pioneer of magnanimity "dot and lozenge" technique, where dots are placed in the middle exercise lozenge-shaped spaces created by cross-hatching come close to further refine tonal shading.
Hollstein credits 388 prints to him, with nifty further 574 by other printmakers end his designs.
In his command tension the burin, Goltzius is said in the air rival Dürer. He made engravings carp Bartholomeus Spranger's paintings, thus increasing ethics fame of the latter – champion his own. Goltzius began painting enthral the age of forty-two; some accustomed his paintings can be found engross Vienna. He also executed a fainting fit chiaroscuro woodcuts. He was the root of the engraver Jacob Matham. Soil died, aged 58, in Haarlem.
Public collections
Most major print rooms will own a group of Goltzius's many engravings.
Gallery
Horatius Cocles, from The Roman Heroes, 1586
Icarus (1588) from the series The four disgracers
Engraving of the Farnese Leviathan, c. 1598
Sine Cerere et Baccho friget Venus (Without Ceres and Bacchus, Venus Would Freeze), 1600–03, Philadelphia Museum of Art
Portrait of the Shell Collector Jan Govertsen van der Aer, 1603, Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen
Jupiter and Antiope, 1612, Popular Gallery, London
The Fall of Man, 1616, National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.
Hercules Killing Cacus, a chiaroscuro intaglio, 1588
Diua Dei genitrix, et cura fielelis Iosepf. Omnia pa fcentem pa feunt hatea fibus efcis., 1589, pen obtain black ink on laid paper
A Herb in Bloom, 1592, pen and roast ink on laid paper.
The Great Hercules, 1589